380 OsteoScreeningPC
نویسندگان
چکیده
O steoporosis is a systemic disorder characterized by microarchitectural deterioration of bone and increased susceptibility to fracture. Although osteoporosis can occur in men, it is principally a disease of women, who account for 80% of such cases and in whom osteoporosis (together with heart disease and cancer) is one of the three most common medical conditions.1-3 According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, approximately 21% to 30% of postmenopausal white women have osteoporosis, and an additional 54% have low bone density. Osteoporosis presents an enormous and growing burden on the elderly. Osteoporotic fractures, for example, often lead not only to a significant reduction in quality of life, including loss of independence, but they also incur substantial costs to the individual and to the health care system. In this country, about $10 billion to $18 billion is spent each year on treating osteoporotic fractures.4 The total medical cost per hip fracture is estimated at about $40,000 (2001 dollars).5 Because osteoporosis is typically an asymptomatic disease, screening has not always been considered a high priority. Such views have changed, however. Particularly in the past decade, screening has been recognized as an important strategy to reduce the burden of fracture-related morbidity, and identifying women at risk for osteoporotic fractures has become an important goal. Yet there is concern, and evidence supporting it, that screening and preventive interventions to address osteoporosis have not been fully employed. This article discusses two important roles of the primary care clinician in promoting— and ensuring—osteoporosis screening among postmenopausal women:
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